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What is the 5-Axis CNC Machining Center?

Advanced 5-Axis CNC Machining Center, also known as 5 axis cnc machining center, 5 axis cnc milling machine, is good at space curved surface processing, special-shaped processing, hollow processing, punching, oblique drilling, chamfering, etc. It is widely used in aerospace, military scientific research, precision machinery, high-precision medical equipment, normal manufacturing, etc.

Types And Advantages Of 5 Axis Cnc Machine Tools

5 Axis Machining, developed from the original 3-Axis machining center. According to ISO regulations, when describing the motion of CNC machine tools, a right-handed rectangular coordinate system is used; the coordinate axis parallel to the main shaft is defined as the z axis, and the rotation coordinates around the x, y, and z axes are A, B, and C, respectively. The movement of each coordinate axis can be realized by the table or the movement of the tool, but the direction is defined by the movement direction of the tool relative to the workpiece. Usually 5-Axis linkage refers to the linear interpolation movement of any 5 coordinates among x, y, z, A, B, and C.

The 5-Axis has the following classifications according to the linkage shaft swing mechanism.

1. Workbench cradle type

Based on the traditional 3-Axis machining center, plus the cradle-type table, the workpiece swings to become a 3+2 5-Axis linkage machining center. The linkage axis is X/Y/Z/A/C, and the B axis does not rotate in the Y axis direction.

2. Vertical spindle double swing head

In the middle of the swing head, there is generally an electric spindle with a loose broach structure, so the size of the double swing head itself is not easy to be small, plus the need for the range of movement of the double swing head, so the processing of the 5-Axis linkage machine tool with the double swing head structure The range should not be too small, but the larger the better, generally the gantry type or the moving beam gantry type. The linkage axis is X/Y/Z/A/C, and the B axis does not rotate in the Y axis direction.

3. Horizontal spindle double swing head

In the 5-Axis linkage of the double swing head based on the horizontal machining center structure. The linkage axis is X/Y/Z/B/C, and the A axis does not rotate in the X axis direction.

4. Worktable swing type

After the direct drive motor matures, the structure of the 5-Axis linkage has also been greatly improved. The entire workbench can perform double swing. At present, the C-axis direct drive can reach a certain speed to achieve the effect of turning. The linkage axis is X/Y/Z/B/C, and the A axis does not rotate in the X axis direction.

5. Workbench spindle swing

According to the evolution of the swing mechanism, the worktable and the spindle swing separately to form a combination of the two. The linkage axis is X/Y/Z/A/C, and the B axis does not rotate in the Y axis direction.

Advantages of 5-Axis CNC machine tools:

The five-sided processing of the parts can be completed at one time, reducing the number of repeated clamping, improving processing accuracy and saving time.

For complex parts to be clamped multiple times, it is necessary to find the reference coordinates again, which will affect the positioning accuracy of processing. All machining can be completed after one positioning with a 5-Axis linkage machine tool. Complete one-time processing of complex parts with high efficiency and high precision.

It can complete the processing of the space surface, reduce the restrictions on the design and processing technology, and improve the overall performance of the product.

Especially for complex curved surfaces such as impellers, the tools of the 3-Axis equipment will interfere with the parts. The use of a 5-Axis linkage machine tool can be avoided.

Utilize the controllability of the tool axis to cut the side edge of the tool, improve efficiency and surface quality, and extend tool life.

The 5-Axis machine tool can flexibly adjust the angle between the tool and the workpiece, and the 5-Axis machine tool can use the side edge cutting of the tool, which is more efficient. At the same time reduce tool wear.

Deep cavity and deep groove can be processed in mold processing, saving processing cost.

Shorten the new product development cycle.

For trial-produced parts, it is not suitable for large-scale batch processing of sub-processes, and the use of a 5-Axis machine tool can greatly shorten the drawing time for product trial production.